1. Context

Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) is based on the information emitted during laser-matter interaction. This phenomenon was observed shortly after the invention of the laser (light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation) by Maiman in 1960. It was first described indirectly by American researchers in 1962, using a maser, the forerunner of the laser, to emit a coherent beam of microwaves . In 1963, however, a French team published the first analytical study of this type of laser-matter interaction