3. Lyophobic nanoporous media

Nanoporous materials, whether silica gels, porous polymers or zeolites, generally have a high affinity for common solvents, especially water. It is worth mentioning here the ambiguity of the term "hydrophobic", which can sometimes refer to a nanoporous material whose liquid saturation is observed at a "high" vapour pressure close to the saturating vapour pressure. In this section, we present the synthesis routes and properties of materials of interest to SHLs whose hydrophobicity is such that they can only be filled in the liquid phase.