Flood risk prevention

Flooding is the temporary submergence by water of land that is not normally submerged, whatever the cause. The term covers flooding from rivers, mountain torrents and intermittent "Mediterranean" streams, urban and agricultural runoff, as well as marine subversions beyond the limits of the sea shore.

In France, flood risk affects one commune in three to varying degrees, including 300 major conurbations. Of the 160,000 km of waterways, 22,000 km ² are recognized as being particularly prone to flooding, affecting two million residents. Flood damage accounts for around 80% of the cost of damage attributable to natural hazards, averaging €250 million a year. Half of this amount is attributable to economic activities.

As a result of economic, social, land and political pressures, rivers have often been developed, covered and diverted, increasing the vulnerability of people and property.

To remedy this situation, improving flood forecasting and prevention remains the State's essential tool. Better information for populations at risk and reducing the vulnerability of property located in flood-prone areas are key. However, while the State and local authorities have responsibilities in this area, each and every citizen must also help to protect themselves effectively, and thus reduce their own risk.