2. Constraints encountered during the distribution logistics circuit

Figure 2 shows the various stages in the life cycle of a transport packaging, in this case the life cycle of a corrugated box, including [2] :

• its manufacture;

• the physical distribution of goods from the packaging stage to the final consumer or user;

• recovery of empty packaging.

In fact, the physical distribution of goods involves two main phases: a phase in which products are grouped together in the form of unit loads at the manufacturer's premises in order to ensure that they are transported in the best possible conditions, and a phase in which these same products are unbundled for...