4. Conclusion

Low-frequency dielectric spectroscopy provides efficient access to a sample's dielectric identity. The main characteristics thus accessible are: permittivity, resistivity and dissipation factor.

In addition to electrical characteristics, dielectric spectroscopy can also reveal aging phenomena, detect the presence of water, highlight the presence of heterogeneities and, more generally, provide information on polymer structure.

Finally, this technique can help diagnose construction faults such as cavities between layers of electrical insulation, or the porosity of dielectric material.

Advances in signal processing and electronics over the last twenty years have brought this technique to maturity. Its universal character makes it an essential technique in the early stages of dielectric studies.