2. Chip removal machining
The term "chip removal" is inappropriate in the case of composites, where machining produces powder rather than chips.
2.1 Shearing, punching
Shearing and punching, or die-cutting, are applicable to thin-gauge composite materials (up to 2.5 mm). The cutting tool must be particularly sharp. Use a vertically-descending guillotine-type shear with a treated steel upper blade having a cutting gradient of approximately 0.7% in relation to the lower blade, with clearance set to a minimum. Erta (Tufnol brand) recommends a tool slope of 2% for shearing sheets up to 2.5 mm.
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Chip removal machining
Raw material cutting
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