4. Fire tests on aerosol cans

4.1 Theoretical aspects of the phenomenon

When a generator is heated in a fire, it gives rise to the phenomenon of BLEVE (Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapour Explosion): its internal pressure increases at the same time as the mechanical strength of the envelope decreases, until it reaches burst pressure. This leads to the sudden vaporization of the propellant gases, and the ignition of these gases and, possibly, of the flammable solvent(s) contained in the formulation. A fireball develops from its center, a few meters above the initial position of the generator.

The diameter and duration of the fireball depend on the capacity of the aerosol dispenser, and the proportion of flammable products (propellants and solvents) contained in the formulation. The heat flux...