3. Study of deviations
3.1 Study flow chart
This phase of the study is the heart of the HAZOP method. Through an iterative mechanism on each of the nodes, the systematic association of parameters/key words should make it possible to exhaustively cover all the potential deviations or problems conceivable in the installation under study. The HAZOP deviation study flow chart is shown in figure 2 .
Note. The deviation analysis can be carried out by applying a keyword to each parameter in reverse.
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Study of deviations
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The method was first published in 1974 by LAWLEY*, then successively described in three application guides, the first in 1976 by KNOWLTON* and SHIPLEY of ICI, the second in 1977 by the Chemical Industries Association (CIA)* and the third in 1981, again by KNOWLTON*, but on behalf of Chemetics International Ltd. These guides were followed twenty years later, in 2001, by the international standard IEC 61882 entitled: "Hazard...
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