Conclusion

In recent years, plant biomonitoring methods have become increasingly relevant for monitoring, in particular, levels of micropollutants with high health risks, such as HPAs, heavy metals and dioxins. At the same time, however, increasingly autonomous physico-chemical sensors and passive diffusion tubes (airborne media) have taken on a growing role in air and water quality monitoring.

However, certain advantages of plant biomonitoring methods will always give them a role in the field of monitoring:

• Their simple, rapid and cost-effective approaches are often indispensable for preliminary studies, or for studies over long periods or large areas;

• Their cumulative information, providing integrated results over time, facilitates the detection of chronic, accidental or intermittent pollution...