1. Existing regulations
A list of the main legislative texts concerning GMOs, together with their publication dates, is given in the bibliography. Readers are invited to refer to this list for further details whenever such texts are mentioned in this article.
In Europe, the assessment of risks associated with the use of genetically modified organisms or micro-organisms (GMOs or GMMs) is governed mainly by two directives adopted by the Council of the European Union.
Directive 98/81/EC of October 26, 1998 amending an earlier directive 90/219/EEC describes the conditions for the contained use of genetically modified micro-organisms (cf. ).
For the deliberate release of GMOs, the Council of the European Union replaced the original Directive 90/220/EEC with Directive 2001/18/EC of March...
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Existing regulations
Nature and assessment of biohazards
References
Regulations
General provisions
Directive 98/81/EC of the Council of the European Communities of October 26, 1998 amending Directive 90/219/EEC of April 23, 1990 on the contained use of genetically modified micro-organisms.
Commission Decision 2000/608/EC of September 27, 2000 on the guidance notes concerning the risk assessment referred to in Annex III to Directive 90/219/EEC on the contained use of genetically...
Organizations
American Biological Safety Association (American type culture collection): http://www.absa.org
Institut Pasteur collection: http://www.pasteur.fr/externe
World Health Organization: http://www.who.int/home-page/
National Institutes of Health: http://www.nih.gov/
Genetic Engineering Commission: http://www.recherche.gouv.fr/commis/genetique/default.htm...
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