4. Outlook and developments

4.1 Evolving challenges in human nutrition

The rapid development of new technologies for data production and calculation methods has enabled the implementation of systems approaches in the field of nutrition and health. Notions of network and systems medicine are now moving from rather abstract concepts to real-life application in research, even if there are still major challenges and obstacles to widespread real-life applications. Very early on, studies employed metabolomic approaches to analyze the interactions between genes, environment (exposure, diet, lifestyle, microbiota, etc.) and health