2. Progress innovations in the maritime and river sectors

2.1 Recent regulatory requirements

Maritime and river transport are no exception to the challenges of climate disruption and the tightening of international pollution and CO ₂ emission standards set primarily by the International Maritime Organization (IMO), but also in France by the metropolitan and overseas regions concerned. A global approach to ship energy modeling enables us to model a liner's behavior and assess energy-saving solutions. A second, complementary approach is based on the second principle of thermodynamics associated with the concept of exergy. It provides a detailed physical description of the ship and a precise assessment of the expected energy savings, by valuing the proportion of primary energy that can be converted...