4. Optical properties
4.1 Light diffusion
Colloidal dispersions strongly scatter light, and this effect is commonly referred to as the Tyndall effect (John Tyndall, 1820-1893, Irish physicist) (Figure 8 ).
When colloidal particles are very small ( , where R is the radius of the particles and λ is the wavelength of the light radiation), non-conductive and such that their refractive index n obeys
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