4. Conclusion

Quantum key distribution is the first application in the vast field of quantum information research. It solves one of the major problems of current protocols, which is the distribution of keys between two interlocutors, while ensuring that no eavesdropper can gain knowledge of them.

The advantage of quantum cryptography is that it enables data to be secured over a much longer period of time than is currently possible. Since the initial proposal, protocols and implementations have made significant advances, and three start-ups are now marketing security products. Nevertheless, research in this field is far from over.

The development of efficient, high-speed single-photon sources is based entirely on nanostructuring and electromagnetic mode engineering. The single dipole is placed in a microcavity to accelerate and redirect spontaneous emission....