1. Different technological sectors, different IDPs?

A photovoltaic (PV) module functions like an electrical generator, converting light into electricity. Since the discovery of the photovoltaic effect, various technologies have been and continue to be developed in this field. Today, certain technologies are still at the research and development stage, particularly those based on organic or hybrid materials. Many of the new technologies under development are making rapid progress: for example, modules based on perovskites are already being produced; while others, such as those using nanostructured materials, are still at the fundamental research stage.

In this article, we focus on potential-induced degradation in historical filers, but this degradation mechanism will have to be taken into account in future generations of photovoltaic cells.

By 2020, over 90% of the world's installed photovoltaic...