10. Special modified bitumens
As mentioned above, bitumen can be modified by adding a chemical agent and, if necessary, reacting it with the bitumen.
There are two classic ways of incorporating bitumen, either as a pre-mix in a dedicated unit, or by direct incorporation into the mixer at the asphalt mixing plant, often just before the bitumen is introduced.
10.1 Bitumen-rubber
The idea of modifying bitumen with rubber goes back a long way, but until the early 1980s, it seems that the only solution was to disperse rubber powder, derived from the shredding of used tires, into hot bitumen or into the mixer.
As the two products were incompatible, the rubber played the role of organic fines whose presence in the asphalt did not result in any...
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Special modified bitumens
References
Organizations
The bibliographical references relating to bitumens and bituminous binders are extremely numerous and cannot be grouped together in a single work. For this reason, readers are invited to consult the sites listed below:
• Oil Standards Bureau (BNPé)
• French Petroleum Institute (IFP)...
Standards
Specific standards are mentioned in the text. Here, the reader will find a summary of the specification standards and general test methods that apply upstream of the specific methods. The latter must be included in the specification standards which use them.
To keep the text as short as possible, the titles of the standards listed below have been kept to a strict minimum. As a general rule, only the...
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