2. Overview and Prospects

2.1 Population growth: ineluctable

The next coming decades are projected to witness an unprecedented global population boom, representing the largest increase in recorded history. Despite declining fertility rates, the current world population of 8 billion is expected to reach 8.6 billion in 2030, 9.8 billion in 2050, and 11.2 billion in 2100, according to a United Nations report. This remarkable growth will be accompanied by a significant shift towards urbanization, as an increasing proportion of the world's population gravitate towards cities. Notably, in sub-Saharan Africa, the total population is predicted to double by 2050, accounting for approximately 25% of the global population.

Undoubtedly, you may have already observed the effects of this demographic...