2. Evolution

The rehabilitation of older buildings really began after the oil crises of 1973 and 1978. To save energy, under the slogan "we don't have oil, but we've got ideas", building facades had to be "clad" with thermal insulation, double-glazed windows installed, attics and terraces insulated, and oil-fired boiler rooms converted, etc.

Subsequently, it became essential to allocate substantial funds for the complete renovation of homes, common areas, roadways, green spaces and buildings open to the public (ERP). At this point, the public authorities realized that demolishing and rebuilding was more expensive than rehabilitating old, structurally sound and safe buildings.

Since then, tax incentives and grants have been offered to – landlords. These include ANAH (Agence nationale pour l'amélioration de l'habitat) grants for the private sector, and...