Conclusion

Given the technical and economic data presented above, we can be certain that photovoltaic solar energy will make a significant contribution to reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

With regard to the technological channels for the production of photovoltaic panels to meet this high demand, several avenues are envisaged:

• in the case of silicon technology, which is still highly dominant today, the aim is to use ultra-thin (< 150 μm thick), n-type doped and very pure wafers, to develop innovative processes to produce cells with very high efficiency (> 27%) and to reduce module manufacturing costs by inventing cell architectures requiring minimum handling;

• in the case of thin-film technologies, the aim is to develop low-cost film growth methods that do not use expensive, rare and sometimes...