Conclusion

In a world where resources and energy are geostrategically, and even militarily, highly sensitive, fuel cells offer a wide range of balanced solutions and prospects for sustainability. Applications are manifold, and range from the portable (computers, medical equipment, etc.), to virtually all types of transport (land, sea and air), to the cogeneration of electrical and thermal energy. Fuel cell systems can be coupled with other devices (microturbines, etc.) or with renewable energies, but this is not our focus here.

Although PEMFCs are growing exponentially and SOFCs are attracting significant industrial interest, no technology should be overlooked, given the specificities of their field of application and the variety of raw materials involved. As mentioned in the article dedicated to fuel cell applications