5. Conclusion

Photovoltaic technologies are particularly abundant at the laboratory level, but after nearly 50 years of development, crystalline silicon technology has become the global standard for mass electricity production because it has been able to increase conversion efficiency, and therefore power per square meter, while significantly reducing production costs through mass production (economies of scale) and innovation.

Beyond silicon, technologies combining several semiconductors will need to be developed in tandem. It is reasonable to assume that silicon will be one of them. Today, perovskites appear to be the best candidate for the second semiconductor, but they will have to prove their ability to provide the same durability as silicon and their scalability at the industrial level. If this is not the case, a new semiconductor candidate will have to be sought....