1. Introduction to storage systems and fundamentals of electrochemistry

Energy storage is at the heart of today's energy challenges, particularly in the context of the transition to renewable energy sources. Energy storage is essential to meet growing electricity needs, while ensuring the stability of power grids. Indeed, the ability to store energy enables us to smooth out fluctuations in production, especially when it comes from intermittent sources such as wind or solar power.

Electrical energy storage systems, such as batteries, play a crucial role in this dynamic. They enable excess energy produced during periods of low demand to be stored and released when demand increases or production falls. This functionality is particularly relevant in the context of renewable energies, where production is not always synchronized with demand. Energy storage technologies, whether batteries, supercapacitors or flywheels, are at the heart of...