2. Semiconductors for smart cards
The heart of a chipboard is a monolithic silicon electronic component inserted into the thickness of a plastic board. Before looking at the two main families of components used for wired logic and microprocessor boards, let's take a look at the technologies used to produce these chips.
2.1 Technologies
At the genesis of chip cards, there were two technological approaches, depending on the type of transistor used to create the logic circuits. On the one hand, bipolar technology created a current amplification effect by diffusing majority carriers through the adjacent junctions of three doped semiconductors. On the other hand, MOS (Metal Oxide Semiconductor) technology is based on unipolar transistors using the conduction of a single type of carrier in a thin...
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