5. Notion of far field
The notion of radiation can be ambiguous. Radiation also refers to electrostatic or magnetostatic field lines. Here, we want to make a clear distinction between two types of electromagnetic fields: wave fields and evanescent fields. The former result from accelerating charges, the latter from static charges or constant currents. We'll now take a closer look at these essential EMC concepts.
5.1 Potentials
A system of fixed or moving charges generates scalar and vector potentials. Electric and magnetic dipole moments are characterized as, respectively, the product of the charge and the distance between charges, and the product of the current and the surface area covered by the current flow (figure
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Notion of far field
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