Conclusion

Discovered in 1920, ferroelectricity has led to major technological advances, the main example being the development of capacitors, of which there are several hundred in every everyday object (cars, cell phones, computers, etc.). Other advances have been made possible by the unrivalled functionalities of ferroelectric materials (telecommunications, piezoelectric and pyroelectric sensors, tunable lasers, etc.). These well-established technologies will continue to benefit from the continuous improvement of ferroelectric materials in terms of ever greater integration and component reliability.

Impossible to cover in the context of this article, new avenues are being explored that will open up industrial developments in the medium term. A non-exhaustive list includes :

• at the interface between dielectric properties and...