6. Conclusion

The use of microprocessors has expanded considerably in recent years, as the cost of electronic circuits has fallen and they have become mass-produced in many consumer products. The digital revolution means that more and more microprocessors are being integrated into products to develop their potential. This is even the case for 32-bit microprocessors, with performance levels close to those of entry-level computers, which are becoming increasingly widespread in embedded systems. The implementation of these microprocessors calls for integrated circuit design, as they are grouped together on the same chip with all the peripheral components of a system, and for packaging that is evolving towards 3D. Beyond this circuit design, their integration on an electronic board leads to a test and validation phase which, due to their complexity, increasingly involves abstract simulation before final integration....