4. Special features of superconducting circuits

4.1 Definition of binary representation

Superconducting technologies have given rise to several developments in logic circuits with different binary representation conventions. One of these conventions, applicable to all superconducting technologies, is called RSFQ logic, as it encodes a level "1" in the form of an ultrashort voltage pulse (see box) whose time integral is equal to a flux quantum. This approach makes it possible to simultaneously and beneficially use the three characteristic aspects of the superconducting state detailed below 4.2.1