3. BGP-IV network engineering

3.1 Typology of autonomous systems

In particular, [RFC-1772] sets out a typology of autonomous systems that reflects the topological reality of the Internet network. Indeed, an AS can belong to one of the following three categories:

• stub AS (literally "end" in a certain geographical sense. A stub AS carries only local traffic): these autonomous systems are ASes that communicate with only one other autonomous system, and only one ;

• multihomed AS: these autonomous systems can communicate with at least two other distinct autonomous systems, but the BGP-IV routing policy implemented within a multihomed autonomous system prevents it from carrying...