3. Main data transmission protocols

3.1 ISO reference model protocols

The ISO reference model was designed for communications between computing machines in the 1980s. Even if this model is now outdated, it remains a reference in terms of protocols, and that's why we're going to explain this model.

Before describing the seven protocol layers of the ISO-standardized architecture, let's take a look at a simple example. Let's take the case of the construction of a building in country X from elements prefabricated in country Y.

Layer 7 is represented by building types (house, factory, etc.) corresponding to different uses. Layer 6 is made up of all the documents giving, in the form of a syntax, the way to construct the building. If the language understood in country X is the...