10. Security in RPL

The RPL protocol can be used to guarantee the confidentiality and integrity of messages if necessary, and has three security modes:

• insecure: RPL signaling messages are sent without any security mechanism. This mode does not necessarily mean that the RPL network formed is insecure. In fact, another type of security may be used (e.g. data link security);

• preinstalled: in this mode, nodes joining an RPL instance have preinstalled keys to generate and process secure messages;

• authenticated: in this mode, nodes have pre-installed keys as in "pre-installed" mode, but the pre-installed keys are only used for the node to join the RPL Instance as a leaf (a leaf can only send traffic on the LLN, it cannot route traffic). To join an RPL Instance operating in "authenticated" mode, a...