1. The need for a new routing protocol for LLNs

LLNs (Low Power and Lossy Networks) have two main characteristics:

• they are made up of nodes with limited power, low memory, minimal processing capacity and which can run on battery power, thus potentially constrained in terms of energy;

• the communication medium used offers fluctuating connectivity with loss, low throughput and many instabilities (e.g. IEEE 802.15.4, Bluetooth, Low Power WiFi, or PLC).

LLNs can be found in a wide range of applications, such as industrial surveillance, intelligent building management (air conditioning, lighting,...