1. Internet: one architecture, many problems

Internet architecture suffers from a multitude of problems that could impact its evolution and the introduction of new value-added services. Typically, the increasing presence of NAT (Network Address Translation) intermediary equipment, or firewalls, makes the introduction of new transport protocols or the use of IP options complicated, if not impossible. Other problems are linked to the routing architecture in place, but also to current practices (for example, the instability of routing tables induced by a minority of leaf networks , the increasing size of routing tables, the lack of efficient inter-domain traffic engineering mechanisms, etc.).