1. C++ programs

C++ [1][2][3] has inherited program structure from the C language [4][5] . Although it is not part of the language specification, the source code of a C++ program can be "split" into several files. It is usually possible to compile these files separately (i.e. one after the other) and then reassemble them later (by means of an operation known as link editing) to form an executable program. All these source files have the same structure. They are made up of comments (noted // .... or /* ... */), type declarations, variables and functions. In addition, the linker distinguishes a particular function, usually named...