9. Conclusion

C++ is an imposing, complex language that takes a long time to learn. It has many constructs and implements many concepts. Some may even see it as a multitude of interlocking "warts". Many of C++'s constructs are difficult to grasp because they implement complex concepts. For example, C++'s multiple inheritance greatly complicates the object model and has semantic repercussions in many corners of the language (methods, constructors, destructors, type conversion, etc.).

C++ is not only difficult to master, it's also difficult to implement! The days when C++ compilers only implemented a subset of the language, and with sometimes quite divergent interpretations of this or that construct, are not so distant. The situation is much better now.

One might wonder why C++ is so complex. Most probably, it can only be explained by the desire to combine...