4. After the wall of heat

The wall of heat is the term used to indicate the cessation of growth in component clock frequencies. 4 GHz is the typical maximum value. Obviously, the distinction before and after the heat wall used in this article does not occur at a specific date, but is used to highlight the consequences arising from this frequency limit. The techniques described in 3 (pipeline, superscalar, VLIW, cache hierarchy, SIMD, SIMT) continue...