8. Conclusion

Ultimately, there is no right or wrong authentication method for banking. The choice of an authentication method must be based above all on its use (remote banking or payment) and its context (proximity or remote payment). The level of authentication required (weak, medium, strong) must always be adapted to the real challenges of identity and the consequences of identity theft. Finally, the number of users involved is also a determining factor, and banks have many customers.

The stakes and the complexity of the subject impose conditions that are difficult to meet:

• the universal scope of the service: every consumer has direct access to the entire global store offering, and every retailer has the opportunity to sell to as many people as possible;

• the simplicity of implementing ;...