Materials for organic and nanocristaline photovoltaic cells with coloring

Silicon-based solar cells currently account for almost all the cells used worldwide. However, the way in which they are produced means that they cannot be used in low-cost sectors. Based on the reduction of silica, the production of such devices requires costly and time-consuming transformations, such as melting and squaring the material. For some time now, low-cost solutions have been emerging, mainly using thin-film technology. This is based on the superposition of active conductive layers whose total thickness is 10 to 20 times less than that of monoblock silicon layers. What's more, the degree of product purity required is 2 orders of magnitude lower than that required for a silicon device. Hybrid and all-organic cells, based on this thin-film technology, are among the most promising. They owe their success not only to the ability to produce large, flexible surfaces using the roll-to-roll coating process, but also to their increasingly high photovoltaic efficiency. However, the materials used must have specific physical and chemical properties that are suitable both for the operation of a photovoltaic cell and for its processing. In this study, we will list and analyze the characteristics of the different materials making up a nanocrystalline dye cell and an all-organic cell. Then, we'll detail their implementation within a device.