3. Conclusion

Transparent ceramics are of great interest in many high-tech applications in the energy, health and ballistic protection sectors. Their thermomechanical properties are superior to those of single crystals and glass. What's more, the processes used to manufacture them enable the production of large parts with varied compositions and, if required, complex architecture. However, the quality of their optical properties is closely dependent on the presence of residual defects, which can be identified using appropriate characterization techniques (microscopy and spectroscopy), despite their very low number. This characterization approach is essential for optimizing transparent ceramic production processes and, consequently, eliminating residual defects.