7. Sizing deep foundations
As already mentioned, the search for the best wind conditions means that wind turbines are best sited on higher ground. As a result, sites where geotechnical conditions are conducive to the construction of deep foundations are relatively rare.
In recent years, the number of pile-founded wind turbines has been low (< 5%). The geotechnical contexts that lead to the use of pile foundations are mainly :
compressible surface soils ;
karstification or significant alteration at depth.
7.1 Pile loads
Piles are positioned around the periphery of the wind turbine footing. Their number usually varies between 10 and 18 per footing. Typical pile diameters...
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Sizing deep foundations
Geotechnical risk management
Bibliography
Websites
Fédération de l'Energie Eolienne (FEE) website
https://fee.asso.fr/pub/observatoire-de-leolien-2019/
Geological, hydrogeological and natural hazard information websites
Standards and norms
- "Wind turbines – Part 1: Design requirements" - Norme NF EN 61 400-1 - (3e édition)
- "Geotechnical engineering assignments – Classification and specifications", - Norme NF P 94 500 - de novembre 2013
- "Geotechnical calculations – Part 1: General rules " - Eurocode 7 (NF EN 1997) - de juin 2005
- Calcul des structures pour leur résistance aux séismes - Eurocode 8 (NF EN 1998) -
- Fondations...
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