1. Basic principles
To explore matter at the atomic level, the incident beam is composed of particles that have an associated wave whose wavelength is of the order of interatomic distances or much less. These incident waves (each particle has its associated wave) are generally considered to be monochromatic plane waves (of a specific wavelength), corresponding to a stationary state, i.e. time is not involved. This wave is written in the form :
with :
- k :
-
wave vector (to be defined later)
- r :
- position where the wave is considered....
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Basic principles
Waves and particles
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