5. Diffusion and segregation at grain boundaries
The presence of a solute (an alloying element voluntarily added to a metal or alloy), or of an impurity, plays a major role in intergranular diffusion, whether of the solvent (or of a solvent) (self-diffusion) or of another solute (heterodiffusion), via the segregation factor . By performing a large number of diffusion experiments over a wide range of temperatures, we can determine the factor and the segregation energy of the diffusing solute. Intergranular diffusion is therefore a possible approach to equilibrium segregation.
In the case of a solid solution with infinite dilution and when the degree of segregation at the...
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Diffusion and segregation at grain boundaries
High-temperature intergranular diffusion
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