2. As-cast structure

Most tool steels are produced using the traditional ingot die. However, new continuous casting processes are being developed, notably for 102Cr6 type steels (bearing steels used extensively in the transport industry) and certain cold and hot tool steels whose chemical compositions are similar to those of engineering steels (chromium steels, manganese-silicon steels, etc.).

The description of as-cast structures will focus on ingot casting, with a few additional indications in the case of continuous casting.