5. Liquid metal treatments
After melting, it is necessary to treat the liquid metal to remove surface dross, refine it and improve its characteristics before casting it into molds.
These treatments can be carried out directly in the furnace, in the ladle or during casting in the molds, with undesirable components being eliminated either by partitioning between two phases (metal and slag: sulfur in steel, for example) or by precipitation (Mg sulfide in cast iron, for example). The main treatments used in steel, cast iron and non-ferrous foundries are described below.
5.1 Decrassage
This operation is common to all production methods and all metals and alloys, and its aim is to rid the liquid metal of any slag that may have settled and become a source of defects...
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Liquid metal treatments
Liquid metal handling
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