5. Conclusion

European regulations are strict in terms of both the environment and health and safety. In such a context, we can imagine that cyanide alkaline electrolytes will be banned in the more or less long term and replaced by other formulations. While the problem of replacing cyanides in alkaline copper-plating baths is far from resolved, for physicochemical reasons that we won't go into here, the problem of setting up such a copper-plating structure with unitary yields in terms of the deposition itself and the oxidation of soluble anodes remains topical. The stakes are high: no by-products, no carbonation, no untimely sludge and... no need to heat the bath to increase their solubility. To achieve this, it is necessary to consider the copper-plating station not as a whole, but as an intermediary between two functions: upstream preparation and downstream post-copper rinsing. Add to this a few considerations...