1. General

1.1 Main quantities to calculate

In terms of the thermomechanics of metal flow in hot rolling, the main useful quantities are as follows.

• The final geometry of the product: to take only the simple example of flat-rolling slabs or sheets, we observe :

  • geometric defects at the head and foot (cat's tongue, fishtail, figure 1 ) which are transient effects on engagement and disengagement;

  • a widening, a priori unknown, accompanied by a convex or concave, but not rectilinear, shape of the bank.

  All these defects lead to falls (article...