4. Electronic scrap

Electronic waste is generated during the production of an industrial product, and is referred to as first-generation waste, or when an obsolete unit is broken down, and is referred to as second-generation waste.

Waste can be defined as a mixture of different metals, particularly copper, aluminum and steel, attached to or coated or mixed with different types of plastic or ceramic. Precious metals are usually deposited on a substrate.

Non-ferrous and precious metal content has declined over time. Thirty years ago, the proportion of base metals was close to 80% (Hoffmann [12] ), whereas today it is only 40% (Sum [13] ), including Cu (20%), Fe (8%), Ni (2%), Sn (4%), Pb (2%), Al (2%) and Zn (1%). Precious metals...