4. Conclusions. The future of secondary metallurgy
The various secondary metallurgy processes described in the preceding paragraphs are currently used to carry out the essential operations required to obtain the characteristics of the final product:
Analytical quality of liquid metal: by grading and controlling certain non-metals (see table ), which are more or less undesirable (C, H, N, O, P, S);
control of the quantity, size and composition of inclusions;
thermal adjustment, by controlling losses and cooling (by adding scrap) or heating the metal using electrical energy (arc ladles) or chemical energy (aluminothermy).
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Conclusions. The future of secondary metallurgy
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Since the early 1960s, the development of a large number of increasingly complex metallurgical processes that could not be carried out in the traditional steelworks reactor (oxygen converter or electric furnace, figure ) has given rise to a new type of metallurgy, known as "secondary" metallurgy, carried out in a steelworks ladle fitted with a range of equipment, including drawer nozzles...
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