Overview
ABSTRACT
The main processes of secondary metallurgy are conceived in order to meet a vast number of objectives, notably the removal of occluded gases (hydrogen and nitrogen) and the improvement of inclusion cleanliness. Furthermore, these processes must allow for the precise temperature prior to casting, an essential parameter in order to achieve continuous steel casting. Beyond these technical aspects, the secondary metallurgy must also encompass the improvement of the steel plants productivity, through the specialization of the upstream tools. The objective is also to decrease the operating costs via the reduction of the required energy and gains on the materials.
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Read the articleAUTHORS
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Michel OLETTE: Engineer from the École supérieure de physique et chimie industrielle de la ville de Paris ESPCI - Visiting Professor Mac Master University Hamilton Canada - Former Deputy Director of the French Iron and Steel Research Institute IRSID Maizières-lès-Metz
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Christian GATELLIER: Engineer, École nationale supérieure de chimie de Toulouse - Doctoral engineer - Former Head of Physicochemistry Department IRSID Maizières-lès-Metz
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Gabriel LAMARQUE: Engineer from the École Nationale Supérieure d'Électricité, d'Électronique et d'Hydraulique in Toulouse, France - Bachelor of Science - Former Product Line Manager, Steel Mills Kvaerner Metals Clecim Paris
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M. Gattellier
INTRODUCTION
The main secondary metallurgy processes are designed to meet the metallurgical objectives described in the first dossier: "Secondary Metallurgy". :
removal of occluded gases (hydrogen and nitrogen) ;
precise shading and decarburization ;
elimination of certain undesirable elements (sulfur, phosphorus);
improved inclusionary cleanliness ;
Precise temperature control prior to casting, essential for continuous steel casting under the right conditions;
improved productivity at steel mills, thanks to the specialization of "upstream" tools (converter or electric furnace);
improved operating costs, thanks to savings in energy and consumables (refractories, electrodes, fluids, additives, etc.).
Secondary metallurgy processes rely in whole or in part on a number of fundamental procedures to achieve the desired results.
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Bibliography
- (1) - STEFFEN (R.) - Fluid Flow Phenomena of Metal and Slag during drainage of Metallurgical Vessels - Joint Research Report of the committee Metallurgical Fundamentals of VDEh. International Conference on Secondary Metallurgy, Aachen (Aix-la-Chapelle), Preprints p. 97-118 (21-23 sept. 1987).
- (2)...
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