3. Influence of friction

3.1 Influence of friction between fibers on yarn characteristics

Fiber friction is particularly important, both during the manufacturing process and for the final properties of the resulting yarn. The cohesion of a spun yarn and its intermediate states in the manufacturing process, sliver and roving (figure 5 ), is due to inter-fiber friction.

Friction between fibers is essentially adhesive in nature, with weak bonds such as van der Waals forces and hydrogen bonds being the main source. Friction can be expressed as the force required to shear...