3. Conclusions

Since the pioneering work of Clark and Lyons, biosensor technologies have evolved considerably. Biosensors are the subject of intensive research activity at both academic and industrial levels. Research centers are motivated by a high-potential market. Medical diagnostics is the sector that has seen the most spectacular advances in recent years. The aim of these devices is to detect characteristic markers of disease at an early stage, in order to improve patient care and reduce mortality rates. However, the number of commercially available biosensors is still limited. The most widespread device is undoubtedly the blood glucose meter, which accounts for 90% of biosensor sales. According to a report by Global Industry Analyst Inc. the market for biosensors in the medical diagnostics sector is estimated at US$16.5 billion for 2017.

Sensors are in competition with conventional...